Russian nuclear icebreakers

A nuclear-powered icebreaker is an icebreaker with an onboard nuclear power plant that produces power for the vessel's propulsion system. Although more expensive to operate, nuclear-powered icebreakers provide a number of advantages over their diesel-powered counterparts, especially along the Northern Sea Route where diesel-powered icebreaker operations are challenging due to the heavy power demand associated with icebreaking, limited refueling infrastructure along the Siberian coast, and the endurance required.

• First launched: 5 December 1957 (Lenin)
• First in service: 3 December 1959 (Lenin)
• First surface ship at the North Pole: 17 August 1977 (Arktika)
• Yakutiya in service: 6 March 2025 (the newest, Project 22220)
• In service: 8 (late 2025)
• Operator: Atomflot (Rosatom), Murmansk
• Classes: Lenin, Arktika, Taymyr, Project 22220, Project 10510; plus the cargo ship Sevmorput
• Reactors: OK-150, OK-900, OK-900A, KLT-40M, RITM-200, RITM-400
• Largest: Rossiya (Project 10510), 209 m and 69,700 t, due about 2030
• Most powerful in service: Project 22220, 2 × 175 MWt, 60 MW at the shafts
• Thickest ice: 2.8 m (Project 22220); 4 m planned (Project 10510)

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